Ethnology and Ethnography

Word Count: Dana Trippe Anthropology Essay #2 10/1/2012 There are two significant ways to deal with gathering data about human culture: ethnography and ethnology. Each approach has a particular objective. Each approach utilizes an assortment of techniques for information assortment and examination, all of which convey benefits yet in addition challenges. Alongside the difficulties of information assortment, field anthropologists face an extra arrangement of strategic, passionate, and moral impediments. Humanities is a troublesome field however gives a significant point of view on social diversity.Ethnography and Ethnology both endeavor at arriving at specific objectives. Ethnography is a composed depiction of a culture dependent on information assembled from hands on work, described by two techniques, member perception and meetings. At the point when an anthropologist is exploring through member perception, they are endeavoring to examine a culture while as yet attempting to keep up the eye of a goal onlooker. Another type of getting information for ethnography is through meetings. Through meetings, either formal or casual, the anthropologist is endeavoring to accumulate and gather striking data.Formal interviews are progressively scripted and decrease the situational inclination the anthropologists may understanding. Casual meetings are increasingly open finished inquiries that permit the witness to discuss what they believe is progressively significant in their way of life. These meetings can help paint a progressively genuine depiction of culture of what their convictions and ways of life are, rather than a â€Å"ideal culture†. Sterk expressed that the questioner turns out to be considerably more engaged with the meeting when discussions are top to bottom, more than when an organized poll is being utilized (Sterk 2000: 27).Compared to ethnography, the investigation of single gatherings through direct contact with the way of life, ethnology takes the examination that ethnographers have arranged and afterward thoroughly analyzes various societies. Ethnology is the near investigation of societies with the point of introducing explanatory speculations about human culture. Anthropologists don't depend on information from only one examination to offer interpretive expressions about human conditions (Lenkeit: 16). Ethnology likewise utilizes types of evaluation, to help make their information effectively practically identical, and recordable. Ethnography utilizes two strategies for research, articipant perception and meetings. . This strategy can give an exact perspective on the way of life from an insider’s viewpoint. To genuinely find the odds and ends of a culture, subculture, or miniaturized scale culture, one must focus on investing broad energy in that social condition (Lenkeit: 13). In the field, anthropologists can likewise manage day by day difficulties. These difficulties can incorporate food issues, wellbeing and med ical problems, , culture stun, and are additionally inclined to getting infections (Lenkeit 2012: 56). Napoleon Chagnon persevered through an occurrence with his wellbeing while at the same time doing hands on work with the Yonomamo individuals of Southern Venezuela.Chagnon described that he responded brutally to something in the field, and red welts showed up all over his body. He was frail, sickened, parched, and couldn’t inhale well. The torment was harsh yet it tends to be something most anthropologists will involvement with the field. † (Chagnon 1974: 174) In American culture, security is something individuals hope to have, and may even underestimate. Martha Ward announced her work with the individuals of Pohnpeian as a consistent test. She said that protection is an awful word in Pohnpeian, however she pined for security like a physical hurt and craved to be separated from everyone else (Lenkeit 2012: 56).Chagnon likewise longed for protection while in the field. He said the hardest thing to figure out how to live with was the relentless and regularly forceful requests and dangers they would make. Chagnon described that day and night for nearly the whole time he lived with the Yanomamo, he was tormented by such requests as: ‘If you don’t take me with you on your next excursion to Widokaiyateri, I’ll hack a gap in your kayak! ’ and ‘Give me a hatchet or I’ll break into your hovel when you are away and take every one of them! ’ he was shelled by such requests for a long time, until he was unable to stand to see a Yanomamo now and again (Chagnon 1968: 5).It can be exceptionally testing to get acclimated to the way of life way of life, where these steady issues happen. Ethnographers likewise lead their exploration through meetings. Meetings are an immediate method to assemble data, yet now and then they can be broken. Casual and formal meetings can both accompany benefits. The two of them give top t o bottom data about the subjects lives, coming straightforwardly from the subject. In any case, there are situations where the source will give bogus data, admire their lives, and basically not have any desire to coordinate. Chagnon utilized meetings to record genealogical lines of the Yanomamo people.When Chagnon endeavored to record the entirety of the names and family lines of the Yanomamo individuals, they would give bogus data. They have exceptionally severe name restrictions and shun referencing the names of unmistakable living individuals just as completely perished companions and family members. The Yanomamo didn't have a lot of diversion in their lives, so they took any risk they could get the chance to play with the â€Å"white man† and get amusement from it. Each ‘informant’ would attempt to exceed his companions by designing a name considerably more ludicrous than what Chagnon had been given by somebody before. Chagnon 1968: 6) Also, it tends to be di fficult to develop interviews when there are language boundaries, for example, language. Chagnon didn't have the foggiest idea what language the Yanomamo talked, in light of the fact that he was the main humanized white man to come into their town. Chagnon needed to return to his long periods of adolescence, where language must be gradually and painstakingly learned. It required some investment to at last comprehend the language, however after, he could get distinct data from the residents about their history and culture (Video). Ethnology incorporates methodological methodologies of making correlations and quantifications.Comparisons can enable the anthropologist to look at current and recently recorded information. They can see contrasts across various societies, and changes that include happened after some time inside a culture. Correlations are regularly made inside one culture. Sterk found that there were huge contrasts between the whores living in the city, and those living in break houses. The individuals who lived in split houses were less inclined to give casual meetings since they generally had their pimp investigating their shoulder. Additionally she made correlations on when the ladies made their clients wear condoms.They would settle on their choices relying upon the various kinds of accomplices, sorts of sex acts, and social setting. (Sterk 2000: 26). Another type of examinations is across two unique societies. When Laura Bohannon was doing hands on work with the Tiv of West Africa she found that the town was conformed to narrating. They needed to hear an account of hers so she proceeded to recount to the narrative of Hamlet, and could in a flash get on contrasts in their societies. When Bohannon revealed to them that Hamlet was tragic his mom had hitched so rapidly, and had not held up the multi year grieving period.The townspeople protested â€Å"two years is excessively long! Who will scraper your homesteads for you while you have no spouse? † and when she said Hamlet conversed with his dead dad, they shouted â€Å"Omens can't talk! † The residents changed the story exactly as they would prefer, so it would accommodate their principles better (Bohannon 1966: 2). Societies all are extraordinary and have various measures that go connected at the hip with them. Different examinations are ones that can be made after some time, which can likewise be the faultiest information. When Margaret Meade went to Samoa for hands on work in the 1930's, she gathered information that the young ladies in Samoa were very promiscuous.When Anthropologist, Derrick Freeman, went to Samoa to refresh the information in the 1970's he announced that the young ladies were in reality timid and not indiscriminate. Examinations can prompt misdirecting information, in light of the fact that a culture may have changed radically over a specific timeframe. This correlation is variable on the grounds that the meaning of â€Å"promiscuous† could have changed over that numerous years and even the Samoan guidelines could have changed. (Talk 9/10/12) The other ethnological technique is that of measurement. Evaluation is the anthropologist making an interpretation of their investigations into numerical or quantitative data.Humans can see data measured each day, from the day by day meteorological forecasts, to political posts. (Talk 9/10/12) Numerical information gives great extent and is anything but difficult to look at. Normally to gather this information they use tests. They can utilize an arbitrary example that attempts to take out inclination by giving everybody an equivalent opportunity to get met. Tests can as a rule be defective, for the explanation that example sizes are generally not large enough, and to not speak to enough individuals or data to make an exact evaluation of a culture.This information gives individuals a superior comprehension of information yet can in some cases be controlled and deluding (Le nkeit: 64). Ethnology and Ethnography can each accompany their own arrangements of strategic, enthusiastic, and moral obstructions. These issues normally show up when the anthropologist is in direct contact with their examination and subjects. Various moral and good issues show up when the anthropologist is in the field of member perception and it tends to be difficult for them to remain objective. Anthropologists set themselves up for these difficulties with assets like the American Anthropologist Association.Because Anthropologists can wind up in complex circumstances and are dependent upon more than one code of morals, the AAA code of morals gives a system, not an iron clad equation, for deciding. (Lenkeit: 50) Claire Sterk was doing hands on work with a gathering of whores in the New York territory, where she went over these sort of choices. The

The effects of coaching on nurse turnover Research Paper

The impacts of training on nurture turnover - Research Paper Example The wide extent of information assortment through triangulation will then again guarantee unwavering quality of results and finish of the exploration. The speculation is significant on the grounds that it will encourage assessment of the exploration question to decide if instructing that is offered to attendants affects their likelihood of leaving the calling. The exploration issue, connection between nurses’ turnover and instructing is then again significant on the grounds that it will help in assessing training as a potential answer for nurture portability and lack. The exploration along these lines has a capability of introducing an answer for the emergency in the nursing calling. Research structure This segment talks about the exploration approach and plans to be received. It characterizes the proposed approach along with its related focal points and impediments. It additionally offers a review of the structure to be received and an examination with elective plans other th an depicting the strategy for the exploration study. Research approach The examination will apply quantitative methodology in its strategies. This is on the grounds that the idea of information to be gathered just as the exploration question to be addressed suits the quantitative methodology. Quantitative research for instance takes into account trial of speculation other than assessment of quantifiable factors. Quantitative research approach has various points of interest. It for instance, when appropriately embraced, ensures unwavering quality of the outcomes and thus ends. This is a direct result of its utilization of measurable apparatuses in examination to communicate the genuine highlights of the gathered information. The examination in quantitative methodology is in this way liberated from control dependent on the researcher’s perspectives and... The primary point of the examination is the assurance of presence of a noteworthy connection between training of nursing work force and the turnover rate. So as to accomplish this, the investigation plans to gather both essential and auxiliary information over participants’ recognition on the two factors. While auxiliary information will be looked for from existing distributions, essential information will be gotten through structured polls to be regulated to tested members. The examination will additionally utilize randomized structure in testing to limit odds of biasness for unwavering quality. Likewise, triangulation of information will be created through choosing various companions of respondents that will incorporate learners, coaches, and various subsets of enrolled medical caretakers. Information in the two factors will be gathered in numeric scale with instructing being estimated as far as adequacy and portability being estimated as far as likelihood. The outcomes will at that point be examined to assess presence of a relationship to address the examination question. In light of the outcome, the investigation will suggest vital measures towards finding an answer for the exceptionally detailed turnover rates.

Essay --

Part 3: Method and Methodology 3.1 Methodology This part will give information and comprehension of the exploration procedure that was done, before uncovering the outcomes. Procedure is the establishment on which a scientist bases their work. This procedure is basic to the exploration venture overall as outlined in Ryan et al (2002): ‘the procedure of research is as significant as the output’ (p.2). The way wherein investigate is led includes specific procedures. Tomkins and Groves (1983) feature that the ‘selection of the most fitting exploration philosophy is subject to the idea of the marvel being researched’ (Ryan et al, 2002, p.35). Procedure is basically the procedure through which this exploration is led and comprises of two measurements: cosmology and epistemology (Hopper and Powell, 1985, p.431). Burrell and Morgan’s (1979) Classification Matrix for the Analysis of Social Theory is developed by two separate measurements that depend on suspicions of the idea of society and of sociology. Inside this structure, there are four ideal models; metaphysics, epistemology, human instinct and philosophy. With the end goal of this examination venture, the two ideal models which are of concern are cosmology and epistemology. Philosophy is worried about the ‘nature of reality’ (Hopper and Powell, 1985 p.431) and epistemology the ‘nature of knowledge’ (in the same place). Together these two components characterize strategy. 3.1.1 Ontology Philosophy, as depicted by Hopper and Powell (1985) is worried about the ‘nature of ‘reality’’ (p.431). This shows philosophy is ‘the investigation of presence and in this setting is worried about what we observe to be ‘real’’ (Ryan et al, 2002, p.13). There are two differentiating convictions on t... ...uestionnaires were disseminated to forty members altogether, 20 distinctions bookkeeping understudies and twenty individuals from a scope of occupations and callings. Endless supply of the information, the specialist noticed that there were progressively female respondents in contrast with their male partners. There were twenty-four ladies to sixteen men giving a proportion of 3:2. Most respondents were matured somewhere in the range of 18 and 29 in spite of the fact that this was not out of the ordinary as most understudies are inside this age go. Anyway the scope of ages in the other respondent gathering, were substantially more fluctuated, extending from 18 to more than 60. The reaction rate was 100% for the bookkeeping understudies as the scientist gave them out face to face and not by means of email or electronic review. This guaranteed a speedier reaction time and a higher reaction rate. The reaction rate from the other 20 members was altogether lower, at 63% (20/32).

Demand and Stores Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Request and Stores - Coursework Example Along these lines, the normal day by day request during lead time is equivalent to L ? AVG. The wellbeing stock is resolved experimentally and is applied with the normal day by day request during lead time to guarantee that there is a satisfactory gracefully of stock is in stores to forestall lost deal because of stock-out. The security stock, which is the base level to which stock is relied upon to fall, is spoken to by the equation: z ? Sexually transmitted disease ? vL It is normal that stock will tumble to this base level not long before the request for Q is gotten. Following the request for Q units is gotten the stock will come back to its most extreme level yet will be exhausted after some time dependent on the normal day by day request (AVG). The reorder level relies upon AVG which is assessed consistently. At the point when Q units are added to the wellbeing stock the most extreme stock level is accomplished. This stock is drained after some time. Hence, it is normal that the normal degree of stock before getting the request is: z ? Sexually transmitted disease ? vL While the normal degree of stock following accepting the request is: Q + z ? Sexually transmitted disease ? vL Solution to Question 2 The occasional audit stock renewal arrangement necessitates that stock be surveyed intermittently at standard interims and that a proper amount is requested in order to accomplish the base stock level after each audit. This degree of stock ought to be adequate to cover request during the audit time frame (r) and the lead time (L), so as to forestall stock out before the following request shows up. This suggests the base-stock level incorporates the normal interest during the joined interim of r + L which is: (r + L) ? AVG just as the security stock which is determined as: z ? Sexually transmitted disease ? v(r+ L) According to Simchi-Levi et al (2008), the most extreme stock level is reached following accepting a request while the base degree of stock is arriv ed at not long before getting the request. It is in this way exceptionally certain that the normal degree of stock in the wake of accepting a request is equivalent to: r ? AVG + z ? Sexually transmitted disease ? v(r+ L) while, the degree of stock preceding request shows up is: z ? Sexually transmitted disease ? v(r+ L) which is the wellbeing stock. Answer for Question 3 The objective assistance level characterizes the level of requests got that must be filled. A decent basis that can be utilized is cost. The five items that I sell in my retail establishment are: shoes, garments, machines, furniture, and food things. Arranged by target administration level from most reduced to most noteworthy they will be recorded as follows: Furniture †more costly than every other thing, net revenue is low, volume is moderately low, request changeability and lead time is high. Apparatuses †more affordable than furniture however will in general be more costly than every other thing, overal l revenue is high contrasted with furniture, volume medium range, while both interest inconstancy and lead time is moderately high Foot-wear †the net revenue is high, volume generally high, request fluctuation isn't as low similarly as with garments, and lead time isn't as low likewise with garments Clothes †the net revenue is high, volume moderately high, request changeability is additionally generally low while lead time may not be as low likewise with food things. Food things †they are less expensive than every other thing; the net revenue will in general be low however turnover rate and volume is high, both interest changeability and lead time is commonly low. As per Simchi-Levi (2008) the administration level is commonly higher for items with high net revenue, high volume, low changeability

The Best Books of 2019 So Far Critical Linking, June 9, 2019

The Best Books of 2019 So Far Critical Linking, June 9, 2019 Critical Linking, a daily roundup of the most interesting bookish links from around the web is sponsored by All the Books, our weekly podcast about new book releases! Mark Haddon and Natalie Haynes took on Greek myth, Queenie made us laugh and Toni Morrison returned with essays. Here are our highlights across fiction, poetry, non-fiction and children’s books. Its always a race to who can list the best of titles first, but this is a pretty solid mid-year list.   I very happily stumbled upon a neighborhood yard sale a few weekends ago and picked up an adorable pair of glass mid-century bookends for just $10. Of course, I came home and started searching for a similar set online (because who doesn’t love to see just how much money they saved after scoring a deal like this one?). After doing a bit of browsing, I quickly realized that while many stylish pairs of bookends exist, they can be pretty pricey. While scanning some of my favorite sites for more affordable optionsâ€"because if you have tons of built-in shelving like me, you’ll know that multiple sets of bookends are a mustâ€"I discovered that  Amazon  has some gorgeous sets that come in at under $30. Take a look at some of my favorites below, and get styling! These are cute!   Bleeding Cool has been informed by a number of sources this morning that DC Comics is planning to shutter its Vertigo imprint. This has come as quite a surprise to some, as I also understand that DC Comics has just greenlit a number of Vertigo projects for publication. Indeed, there are plans for a big launch of new books for San Diego Comic-Con spearheading a new Vertigo… thing. But I have been told that word has come from on high rather rapidly to make the change, some contracts are being revoked, some creator-owned titles released back to their creators and some will be moved within the publisher. And those affected are being informed. Big news in the comics world. Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books.

Unit 5 Writing from Pictures Podcast 167

   In Podcast 167 Andrew Pudewa and Julie Walker discuss Unit 5, Writing from Pictures. This unit is distinct from the other writing units in that the student uses pictures in order to describe a series of events. In scheduling the IEW units, the months of December and January are generally allotted to Unit 5, not because it is a particularly difficult unit to teach, but rather because that time of year tends to be very busy for people. While some educators may be tempted to skip this unit, believing it to be too juvenile, please don’t. Unit 5 focuses on developing the skill of fluency through the asking of questions to generate ideas. It teaches students how to think better and cultivates creativity and imagination. These skills are very important ones to develop and will be used in future writing endeavors, especially when they begin to write essays and must provide their opinions in the conclusions. Other than its use of pictures, some people have wondered about what differentiates Unit 5 from Unit 3, Retelling Narrative Stories. While both units encourage students in developing thinking skills through the asking of questions, in Unit 3 each paragraph in the 3-paragraph composition has a different purpose and, therefore, asks different questions. In contrast, each paragraph in Unit 5 has the same purpose—to describe the event displayed in the image—and as a result, the same questions may be considered in each paragraph to help flesh out the event or story. If you are embarking on Unit 5 and would like even more tips and tricks on teaching it, view the portion of the Teaching Writing: Structure and Style seminar that reviews Unit 5. Additionally you may find it helpful to review the Unit 5 webinar and slides. And check in with our forums, too. We have a thread specifically dedicated to Unit 5. Have fun with it! Kids are naturally imaginative and usually enjoy this unit. And if you are stymied about where to source pictures, Andrew and Julie have you covered. They share many suggestions in the podcast for finding fun pictures to help flesh out the unit. Be sure to listen in!

Juliets Abuse - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1029 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/03/13 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: Romeo and Juliet Essay William Shakespeare Essay Did you like this example? During the period of time known as Elizabethan England, the roles men and women played contrasted in many different ways. Men were supposed to be emotionless and strong while women were always required to be submissive. In the tragic romantic play, The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, William Shakespeare introduces the theme of gender roles through different characters such as Romeo, Paris, and Juliet who all give a glimpse into what was expected of women and men respectively. Romeo and Juliet, the two protagonists of the play come from two families that have maintained an age-old feud. One fateful night, these two â€Å"star-crossed lovers† meet. Unbeknownst to them at the time, the other maintained a part of the enemy family. Against social normalities and the will of their own family, they decide to be wedded to each other without the consent of the patriarchs of their families. The same fate that brought these two individuals together, divides them with the death of the death of the other person. Throughout the romantic play which turns to a calamity, gender themes can be identified which contrast greatly to those common today. Juliet’s lack of agency within her major life decisions highlights the way that gender roles silenced the voice of women while simultaneously placing unrealistic standards on the men of the time. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Juliets Abuse" essay for you Create order Women had very little say or power within the context of their marriage. The husband made all of the decisions without the consent of his wife. â€Å"My child is yet a stranger in the world. / She hath not seen the change of fourteen years, / Let two more summers wither in their pride / Ere we may think her ripe to be a bride.† (Rom. I.ii. 8-12) Lord Capulet’s precious young child will wed his daughter to the man he sees the best fit for her. Juliet is even absent all while this conversation concerning her future takes place. Using the term â€Å"ripe† portrays the image of the Capulets growing and grooming their child for her one purpose in life, to serve and complete a man’s personal appearance who she becomes forced into a relationship with. Her youthful age and demeanor allow the parents to infer that she is unable to make decisions for herself. Lord Capulet uses the term â€Å"we†, (referring to his wife and himself) to tell Paris why he needs to wait just a little bit longer. Shakespeare describes the only contribution Juliet would provide to her husband in the excerpt, â€Å"This precious book of love, this unbound lover, / To beautify him only lacks a cover† (Rom. III.i.118-120). Over and over throughout the story of Romeo and Juliet, we see the symbol of a book to compare to people and love as an overall concept. Every bachelor looks for a wife that will provide a cover to his well-developed â€Å"book.† He, therefore, searches for a woman that will improve upon his appearance, and not help him make decisions. When one picks up a book, the first thing that catches the attention of the potential reader is the cover, therefore that aspect of the book needs to be the most appealing. The requirements for the perfect wife only entails that the potential bride appears not to be a total sociopath, but does have a pretty face. The metaphor of the â€Å"precious book of love† compares Paris to this bound book that has everything together but merely lacks a cover to complete the appearance of the book. Shakespeare constantly presents men as unable to show emotion and instilled with the expectation of having their life together. Throughout Romeo and Juli et, the author unintentionally exhibits the pressure on men unnaturally feeling as if they have to be emotionless at all times. Displaying emotion exists looked down upon by everyone which the Nurse proclaims in the quote, â€Å"Piteous predicament! Even so lies she, / Blubb’ring and weeping, weeping and blubbring.— / Stand up, stand up. Stand an you be a man. / For Juliets sake, for her sake, rise and stand† (3.3.92-97). The nurse who Shakespeare expertly uses to intertwine comedic relief into the story now states that Romeo’s sentimental breakdown is embarrassing. The Nurse proves that not only did other men expect each other to be stone-cold without feelings, but most everyone else felt that way as well. Romeo lying upon the ground bawling his eyes out only furthers the Nurse and the Friar’s disappointment. The Nurse conveys the fact that women have been given the right to display emotion when Juliet is unable to hold herself together, but she expects Romeo to â€Å"Stand an you be a man.† Romeo speaks upon his own â€Å"moment of weakness† in the quote, â⠂¬Å"O sweet Juliet, / Thy beauty hath made me effeminate / And in my temper softened valor’s steel† (Rom.III.i. 118-20). Once again, the reason why Romeo loves Juliet is because of her beauty. Her personality nor her intellect makes Romeo soften or feel feminine, but her â€Å"beauty.† The concept of Juliet merely being the cover to Romeo’s book further explains women’s roles and responsibilities as a wife. The love Romeo expresses for Juliet makes him feel feminine and weak. He views himself as a man that carries himself with valor and a steely-eyed expression. This show of emotion makes even Romeo look upon himself with disdain let alone his peers. Men were provided with an unrealistic standard of being stone-cold showing little to no emotion during the period of time known as Elizabethan England. The Capulets took away Juliet’s ability to make decisions for herself, therefore, silencing her voice. In addition to this, men felt socially pressured to act similar to heartless and unthinking robots. Furthermore, it displays how these social normalities have been more or less eliminated from today. Yet, still, men feel as if they cannot cry out for help and have to bundle all of their emotions inside of themselves under lock and key. The glimpse Shakespeare provides of the gender roles of the time allows the reader to understand the mistreatment women went through and the agonizing restrain men had to maintain to avoid rebukes from others.

Middle School Holocaust Audience - 563 Words

The Holocaust, one of the worst genocides in history, a time that every person should know and understand, the mass murder of Jews over 5 years of pain and suffering. The best way to teach this in my opinion is with the Elie Wiesel interview Death Camp Auschwitz and to show it when middle schoolers are young, but old enough to have an idea of what happened from 1939 to 1945, but the middle schoolers cant watch this without losing important information not given in the video. So there is a reason why the middle schoolers should see this over reading books and online stories, and how they will keep wanting to listen to what else is missing from the picture. But there will be some forms of information lost when the middle schoolers watch this over the books and such. So what gives this interview video an advantage over books. The interview gives middle schoolers the story behind World War Two, the holocaust, without being a boring documentary where the middle schoolers turn their heads away. Instead, the interview has a feel of a gloomy like sadness about what happened at Auschwitz, and to Elie in the death camp. Oprah and Elie talk about Elies experiences at Auschwitz, to what the nazis were doing with the remains of their Jewish victims, showing pictures and videos from the period when Auschwitz was both in operation, and liberated. This gives middle schoolers an idea of what things looked like at that time, without sacrificing information in a difficult manner toShow MoreRelatedGraphic Novels : Are They `` Real `` Literature?916 Words   |  4 Pages(Williams, 2011). For instance, Maus is a graphic novel on the Holocaust and is a well-established piece of work. It is the story of a survivor from the Holocaust in the form of a graphic novel. This is very helpful in middle school Social Studies class es. 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Atwood shows her audience through political and historical reference tha t Gilead was and is closer than most people realize. Atwood closely scrutinizes Colonial America, back in the 1700 s it was a society founded on religion and ran as a theocratic order. PuritansRead MoreHow does Alan Bennett express conflicting views about education through his portrayal of the four teachers in  « The History Boys  »?1030 Words   |  5 Pagesportrayal of the four teachers in  «Ã‚  The History Boys  Ã‚ »? In this play, the author Alan Bennett wants to convince the audience that education can be approached in many different ways. In fact, through the characters of Hector, Irwin, Dorothy Lintott and the headmaster, he shows us that there is no â€Å"right† or â€Å"wrong† way of teaching. The first educator properly introduced to the audience is Hector, a rather unusual teacher. The first scene starts in French, which is quite unexpected since Hector is

Qualitative Research and Evidence-Based Medicine - 1013 Words

Research Question: Overall investigation into the barriers patients with lymphedema perceived within their situation that prevented them from achieving optimal skin care. Coding Issues: Within the research, coding was used to organize, analyze, and sort thematic materials: Coding Model Characteristics Analysis Responses to information received Anxiety, mistrust, worry, obligation, lack of understanding Additional need for open communication and educational process Factors germane to the individuals ability to maintain skin care Physical limitations, expenses, social isolation, lack of motivation Realistic and definable outcomes, analysis of expenses and potential aid Additional factors relating to decision making Lack of social support, emotional dynamics Support dynamics (group, social services, etc.) Expectations and presumptions Realistic v. Unrealistic presumptions of outcomes Clarification of realistic expectations Rationale: Lymphoedema is also known as lymphatic obstruction and is a skin condition in which there is localized fluid retention and tissue swelling. This is typically caused by a compromised lymphatic system, also causing tissues to become infected, or at the very least, inflamed. Symptoms are severe and include chronic fatigue, heavy swollen limbs, fluid accumulation in other body areas (head, neck, etc.), discoloration of the skin, and eventual deformity or elephantiasis. The disease affects about 140 million people globally, and isShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 2 Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pages Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 2 April Molley University of Phoenix RES/351 Amy Ginsburg The first article discusses the overall Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender people; and Building a Foundation for a better understanding. 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It clearly elaborates on the meaning and definition of EBP as used by nurses as well as the importance of evidence based decision making as it relates to nursing care. It broadly examines the concept of EBP in nursing care and its relevance to nursing practice and to the delivery of quality patient careRead MoreCall Bells1293 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Dance of the Call Bells 1. Explain the key differences between a qualitative and quantitative study? A qualitative study addresses the complexity of human experience, focusing on the big picture (Rebar Gersch, 2015); while a quantitative study breaks a problem down into small pieces and focuses on specific parts to see how they all relate (Rebar Gersch, 2015). Qualitative methods focus on subjective information, and never try to predict or control the phenomenon of interest (Rebar GerschRead MoreExploring Evidence Based Practice And Practice Essay1638 Words   |  7 PagesExploring Evidence to Enhance Learning and Practice Assignment details Drawing on a range of evidence discuss how different types of research can be used to support practice. 1500 words  ± 10% Word count 1647 Contents Introduction 2 Quantitative Data 3 Qualitative Data 4 Systematic Reviews 5 Conclusion 7 References 8 Introduction This piece of work will be exploring the different forms of research and their significance in the evidence-based practice. What is research? DueRead MoreCritical appraisal987 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Research Critique, Part 1 Grand Canyon University: NUR 433V March 15, 2015 Introduction Critical appraisal of a research study demonstrates an understanding of the research study being conducted. This paper will review a qualitative research study designed to explore the lived experience of lay presence during adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in primary and secondary environments of care from a healthcare provider’s (HCP) perspective. The in-depth critical appraisalRead MoreWhat Are The Components Of A Qualitative Research?1111 Words   |  5 PagesIn the world of research, two unique styles of information collecting are utilized in attaining appropriate material for scholarly articles. Qualitative and quantitative data represent two entirely different formats of evidence-based material used in research. The information in all scholarly research articles falls under one or both of these categories. Although people often get these research styles confused, those who wish to write effective evidence-based articles must understand the differencesRead Mor eBarriers to Implementing Evidence Based-Practice in Research743 Words   |  3 PagesQ1. Discuss challenges in implementing research findings in family nursing as evidenced-based care. What improvements need to be made? Evidence-based care makes use of current research in prescribing treatments for patients. While on the surface, this might seem like a good idea, in practice the implementation of this policy can be somewhat problematic, particularly in family nursing and other areas of the medical profession in which a close, lasting and personal relationship between patient andRead MoreThe Public Health Surveillance And Program Planning Models772 Words   |  4 Pagesapplying ethics of scientific thinking utilizing systematic uses of data and information systems,suitable use of behavioral-science theory and program-planning-models.1Scholars agree that EBPH provides assurance that decision making is based on scientific evidence and effective practices;helps ensure the retrieval of up-to-date dependable information about what works and doesn’t for public health questions;provides assurance that time is efficiently and productively used in reviewing the best informationRead MoreTherapeutic To uch Is A Form Of Complementary And Alternative Medicine1700 Words   |  7 PagesNursing â€Æ' Abstract Therapeutic Touch is a form of complementary and alternative medicine utilized among the Pediatric population to provide holistic healthcare. Developed in the 1970’s by Dora Kunz a psychic healer and Dr. Dolores Krieger, PhD, RN (Natural Medicine, 2015) therapeutic touch is generally not well accepted in Western medical practices due to lack of research and supporting effectiveness in evidence. Understanding what TT is and how to utilize it in practice is important in delivering

Essay on Analysis of Robert Frosts Poem, Nothing Gold...

Analysis of Robert Frosts Poem, Nothing Gold Can Stay Robert Frost has a fine talent for putting words into poetry. Words which are normally simplistic spur to life when he combines them into a whimsical poetic masterpiece. His Nothing Gold Can Stay poem is no exception. Although short, it drives home a deep point and meaning. Life is such a fragile thing and most of it is taken for granted. The finest, most precious time in life generally passes in what could be the blink of an eye. Nothing Gold Can Stay shows just this. Even in such a small poem he describes what would seem an eternity or an entire lifetime in eight simple lines. Change is eminent and will happen to all living things. This is the main point of the poem and†¦show more content†¦as a part of the season which is known as spring; it can be assumed he means all life and all things are subject to the ravages of time. Mortality is all around us and with it the stages of all life and time pass. In terms of the opening lines, thought, youth and beauty are fleeting ind eed. Frost?s poem delves deeper into the being and essence of life with his second set of lines. The first line states, ?Her early leaf?s a flower.? After the budding and sprouting, which is the birth of nature, is growth into a flower. This is the moment where noon turns to evening, where childhood turns into maturity, and where spring turns into summer. At this very moment is the ripe and prime age of things. The young flower stands straight up and basks in the sun, the now mature teenager runs playfully in the light, and the day and sunlight peak before descending ever so quickly into dusk. The second line of the second set states, ?But only so an hour,? which makes clear that yet again time is passing by and that a beginning will inevitably have an end. Frost moves onto autumn and shows what little life is left begins to wither and fall, or as he put it in the first line of the third set ?Then leaf subsides to leaf.? The playful spirit of the young is lost in time as age quickly pours what seems like endless duties upon adults. Things once learned are forgotten and the sun creeps slowly below the horizon. Time once again takes it toll on all things livingShow MoreRelatedEssay about An Analysis Of Nature In The W606 Words   |  3 Pages An Analysis of Nature in the works of Robert Frost When reading poetry by Robert Frost the theme of nature is strongly present and persistent. Robert Frost uses the world around him to create a mystic feeling to his writings, almost giving the reader a sense of nostalgia. The influence of nature in Frost’s works creates a palette to paint a picture filled with symbolism for the reader to interpret. The nature in the poems makes the poem an intimate piece in which most readers can identify withRead MoreEssay about The Dark Side of Humanity Exposed in Robert Frosts Poetry991 Words   |  4 PagesHumanity Exposed in Robert Frosts Poetry Robert Frost is often referred to as a poet of nature. Words and phrases such as fire and ice, flowers in bloom, apple orchards and rolling hills, are all important elements of Frosts work. These ‘benign objects provide an alternative way to look at the world and are often used as metaphors to describe a darker view of nature and humans. In Frosts poetry, the depth is as important as the surface. The darker aspects of Frosts poetry are often portrayedRead MoreEssay on Robert Frosts Life and Accomplishments1244 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"In three words I can sum up everything I’ve learned about life: it goes on.† After a lifetime of ups and downs, Robert Frost said this quote. Most of his poems already shared his message, that life is not as easy as it may first appear to be. He used the simplicity of nature and vernacular speech to give his poems a casual mood, though underneath they display a much deeper meaning of life. These poems help to show people just some of the difficult things that will be faced in life, despite everythingRead MoreAnalysis Of Stopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening, By Robert Frost778 Words   |  4 PagesRobert Frost is a great American poet that mastered the art of eloquently imprinting his readers with an overarching idea, or theme, through his use of symbolic language, precise picture painting, and metronome rhyme and meter. Frost addresses many different themes across his poems, but sometimes has similar methods of displaying his themes; three of the most prominent are the crossroads of a decision in â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,† the battle between desire and hate in â€Å"Fire and IceRead MoreComparing Gwendolyn Brooks We Real Cool and Robert Frosts Nothing979 Words   |  4 Pagesare a number of different facets regarding the careers and works of Gwendolyn Brooks and Robert Frost, there are a number of similarities between their respective poems We Real Cool and Nothing Gold Can Stay. These similarities become all the more apparent when one attempts to compare the imagery of these poems. A careful consideration of this comparison indicates that the imagery of each of these poems is preoccupied with the concept of time in various aspects of its ephemeral nature, whichRead MoreRobert Frost And Modern Poetry1245 Words   |  5 Pagesbit, but few have done so much as Robert Frost has in the ways of influencing today’s poetry. A man widely renowned and respected in America, Frost used his shockingly modern writing style to help pave a path for the poems of the future. By analyzing this great poet, one can only hope to discover the true, raw meaning of the written words that have had a lasting impact on the views and, more importantly, on the world of poetry. This essay will explain how Robert Frost used his modernistic writingRead MoreEssay about Analysis of the Poems of Robert Frost1316 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Road Not Taken† and â€Å"Noth ing Gold Can Stay† are just two of many very famous poems, written by none other than Robert Frost. Robert Frost is a poet that is well known for his poetic contributions to nature, as well as his award winning poems. His poetic ability and knowledge make him an extraordinary author. His past; including schooling, family, and the era in which he wrote influenced nearly all of his poems in some way. This very famous poet contributed to the modernism era, had a familyRead MoreRobert Frost s Poetry Style1228 Words   |  5 Pagesbit, but few have done so much as Robert Frost has in the ways of influencing today’s poetry. A man widely renowned and respected in America, Frost used his shockingly modern writing style to help pave a path for the poems of the future. By analyzing this great poet, one can only hope to discover the true, raw meaning of the written words that have had a lasting impact on the views and, more importantly, on the world of poetry. This essay will e xplain how Robert Frost used his modernistic writingRead MoreRobert Frost : A New England Poet3698 Words   |  15 PagesRobert Lee Frost Known for being a New England poet Robert Frost was born in San Francisco, California on March 26th, 1874. Born to a New England father William Prescott Frost Jr. and a Scottish mother Isabelle Moodie who moved to the west coast from Pennsylvania after marriage (Bailey). Both his parents were teachers and poets themselves, but his father later became a journalist with the San Francisco Evening Bulletin (Bailey). Frost spent 12 years of his life growing up in San Francisco, untilRead MoreFrost, By Robert Frost1976 Words   |  8 PagesRobert Frost, an indigenous New England poet, is deserving of an ovation for his contributions and magnitude in American Literature. Frost advises his readers to be actively engaged in questioning the world we inhabit (49, Dickstein). In most of Frost’s work, readers and critics enjoy his choices of theme, likely being the outdoors and his surroundings. By using â€Å"emotions recollected in tranquility† and his organic and inviolable rel ationship with his countryside, he celebrates New England’s natural

Oligopoly Problems Free Essays

Oligopoly Problems (Note that second page has some partial answers so that you can check yourself. I think these are correct, but I did it quickly. So I will offer one bonus point per mistake for the first person who finds the mistake in my answers with a maximum of 3 points per student. We will write a custom essay sample on Oligopoly Problems or any similar topic only for you Order Now ): 1) Demand is given by P=100-Q/2. Two firms compete according to the Cournot model and each has TC=10q. What profit does each firm earn? How would your answer change if the second firm observed the first firm’s decision (this is the Stackleberg problem)? 2) Demand is given by P=80-2Q. There are three identical firms each with TC=10. Find the profit of a firm if they each pick quantity simultaneously (Cournot). Find the Profit of a firm if the each pick price simultaneously (Bertrand). 3) Suppose there are n firms that compete according to the Cournot model and that each has MC = C. If demand is given by P=A-BQ, what profits will a firm earn? What would a cartel do? 4) Factory 1 has TC=20q +10 and Factory 2 has TC=10q. If both factories are operated by rivals who compete according to the Cournot model, what profits would each earn assuming that demand is given by P=180-Q? If this was one firm (a cartel) what would it do (hint: if the one firm decided to operate both factories it would want MC to be the same at both locations or else it could increase profits my shifting where it produced)? 5) Firm 1’s demand is given by P=49-q1+0. 5q2 and Firm 2’s demand is given by P=49-q2+0. 25q1. If TC=q2 +5 for each, what profit will each firm earn? What kinds of goods are the two firm’s selling? 1) q1=60 and q2=60 for Cournot while q1=90 and q2 = 45 for Stackleberg. 2) Under Cournot, q1= q2 = q3 =10. Under Bertrand, the firms will push price down to 0. 3) Each firm will produce q = (A-C)/[B(n+1)] under the Cournot solution. 4) In the competitive situation, q1=50 and q2= 60. 5) Each firm would make q=13. 07. How to cite Oligopoly Problems, Papers

Business Economics Revolution Global Market

Question: Discuss about the Business Economics for Revolution Global Market. Answer: Introduction In economics, the fundamental of demand and supply have determined the price of a commodity. In the case of determining the global coal pricing, there is no exemption. In the contemporary global industrial scenario, global consumption of coal has fallen to a record low due to weakening Chinese demand and declining oil and gas prices (Goldenberg, 2016). Meanwhile, the lower crude oil prices have played a significant role in falling coal price in the global market. Due to the cheaper affordability of oil, the demand for coal has been shifted away causing the huge slump in the prices. Invariably, due to sluggish demand, the prices of coal fell by 20 percent in 2015 indicating the worries of the coal exporters (Giraud, 2009). Understandably, the report paper reviews the reason of falling coal prices based on supply and demand concept. Additionally, the impact of such massive slump in the coal prices on the coal importing and exporting economies has been described herein for further discu ssion standpoint. Reason for the fall in the price of Coal It can be seen that the price of coal has fallen due to several reasons that impacts the demand and supply of coal in the global market (Kalkuhl, 2015). The primary factors that have led to the fall of coal prices are discussed herein below: Decline of coal use: With new development of fossil fuels and bio-fuels, the use of coal has declined in several major industries (Barradale, 2010). Large industries have shift to electric furnace for higher productivity and environmental sustainability. Coal is Uneconomic: It has been found by most of the coal miners that coal is uneconomic and it has led them to financial losses in the current years. Hence, the producers restrained supply to increase the price that resulted in a negative fall in the demand. It further reduced the price of coal in the international market (Carter, 2007). Environmental issues: Environmental issues are a primary reason for the fall of demand of coal in the market. It can be seen through analysis that coal creates more pollution as compared to petroleum and liquid gas. The increased concerned among the public regarding environment conservation led to fall in the demand of coal (Corley, 2015). It further led to fall in the price of the commodity. Political crackdowns: Political instability and changes in legislations have been other factors impacting the price of coal in the Australian as well as global market (Goldenberg, 2016). Changes in taxation rate and price floor policy of the government have forcefully brought the price of coal down. A demand and supply analysis of coal is presented to understand the primary reason for the fall in the price of the fossil fuel. It can be seen that the demand for coal has fallen in the international market with an increase in the supply that has gradually decreased the price of the commodity in the global market (Hennessy, 2008). A diagrammatic explanation is presented herein below: Figure: Demand and Supply of Coal Source: (Fensom, 2016) It can be seen from the above figure that the demand falls from D to D and the supply increases from S to S. Hence, the price equilibrium shifts from Po to Pe (Fensom, 2016). Therefore, a fall in the price can be seen due to fall in the demand and rise in the supply of coal. The effect of fall of price on the economies Impact on huge coal importing countries such as India Coal has been identified as one of the scare domestic energy resources for economies such as India. As a result of the falling coal prices, Indian industries will be highly benefitted due to changing economies dynamics. Also, the import volumes of coal have been estimated to rise by 33% in the next couple of years as domestic production of coal has lagged significant demand (Thurber and Morse, 2015). Moreover, the power sector of Indian economy will certainly get a massive boost from the falling coal prices as the power projects of companies such as Tata Power, Essar Power and Adani Power are running on imported coal. Correspondingly, due to the cheaper affordability of imported coal, the input costs for Indian metal and cement manufacturing corporations will reduce, sustaining business profitability (Murray and Granzow, 2008). Meanwhile, falling imported coal prices will improve the operating margins of the power as well as manufacturing industries supporting the economic growth of the country (Odell, 2014). Impact on huge coal exporting countries such as Australia The slump in coal prices can create a sustainable economic crisis in Australia as the economy may suffer huge losses in exports. Since the past two decades or so, the Australian economy has remained within an economic bubble though other global economies have shown sluggish growth rate (Fleming, 2010). Currently, the massive slump in coal prices has created significant economies woes to the Australian exports to China; the number one trading partner of the economy has declined by 4% (Fensom, 2016). The coal prices have dropped to below $70 per metric ton due to sluggish demand and lower crude oil prices. From economic standpoint, falling coal prices have contributed to the decline in the Australian mining gross domestic product by 2% from 9% in 2012 to 7%. Under the current pricing of coal has forced coal miners such as BHP to cut jobs. Therefore, the mining employment has faced significant drop down by 29 percent (Fensom, 2016). Meanwhile, the falling coal prices have created fresh economic troubles for coal exporting nations such as Australia. Impact on countries with huge production as well as huge consumption such as China The current demand and supply structure of coal have forced record decline in production in China in the last 14 years frustrating the mining companies operating in the economy (Schernikau, 2010). Under the circumstantial evidence, the falling demand for coal due to lower crude oil prices and sluggish economic growth of China has forced Chinas coal spending and production to fall indicating the sinking scenario of the global coal market. Being the largest coal producer and consumer of the global economy, the drop down of production and consumption of coal has compelled to slump further in price (Liu, Margaritis and Zhang, 2013). According to the reports of the National Bureau of Statistics, coal production in China has declined by 2.5 percent to 3.87 billion metric ton whereas the consumption is also reduced by 2.9 percent (Yang, 2016). The current scenario of coal market has forced the coal mining corporations to reduce their production as they have faced huge losses due to lack of demand and slump in pricing. Notably, the price of coal has fallen by 50% from its international benchmark price to $62 per metric ton. The effect of fall of price on the business or industry The businesses/industries likely to benefit from the fall of coal price The businesses or industries that need coal in their production process are mainly benefited by the fall of coal price. Some of the primary industries include electricity production businesses, steel producing companies, iron-ore companies, and other energy needing companies (Wickham and Reinhart, 2014). In other words, the companies that have furnace that runs on coal are benefited by the fall in the price of coal (Yang, 2016). This is because the fall in the price of coal will lead to the fall in the production price that helps the companies to increase its profitability. Hence, the industries that require coal in the production process are primarily benefited by the fall in the price of coal. The businesses/industries likely to lose out from the fall of coal price Business and industries that produce coals and deals with coal products are likely to lose out from the fall of the coal price (Ã…Å ¾eker, 2012). The coal producers of Australia such as BMA Mines, Anglo Coal Australia Ltd, BHP Billiton, Hunter Valley Energy Coal, Centennial Coal Company Ltd and many more coal producing companies are facing losses due to the fall in the coal prices (Gaspar and Pereira, 2015). This is because the fall in the price leads to fall in the revenue and the production cost remains the same that makes the coal producing companies incur loss due to the fall in the price of coal. Conclusion The existing slump in the price of coal has created a mixed impact on different economies, to say the least. Understandably, the coal importing economies such as India has been massively benefitted from the falling price of the mineral as the power sector of the economy will get a huge boost due to the event. Conversely, the massive exporters of coal such as Australia have suffered colossal hammering as far as economic standpoint is concerned. The mining industry and export markets in Australia have been adversely impacted due to the falling prices of coal. Most of all, the massive producer and consuming countries such as China has seen biggest decline in the production and consumption in the last 14 years. Apparently, the power sector has been primarily benefitted due to cheaper coal pricing whereas the mining industry of coal has faced the beating. References Barradale, M. (2010).Practitioner Perspectives Matter. Berkeley, CA. Carter, L. (2007). Coal: Invoking "the Rule of Reason" in an Energy-Environment Conflict.Science, 198(4314), pp.276-280. Corley, K. (2015). Coal Price Regulation.Science, 188(4191), pp.886-886. Fensom, A. (2016).Australian coal sector eyes green shoots. [online] World Coal. Available at: https://www.worldcoal.com/special-reports/10062016/Australian-coal-sector-eyes-green-shoots-943/ [Accessed Sep. 2016]. Fleming, G. (2010). Collusion and Price Wars in the Australian Coal Industry during the Late Nineteenth Century.Business History, 42(3), pp.47-70. Gaspar, V. and Pereira, A. (2015). The impact of financial integration and unilateral public transfers on investment and growth in EC capital-importing countries.Journal of Development Economics, 48(1), pp.43-66. Giraud, P. (2009). International coal prices.Natural Resources Forum, 13(4), pp.330-332. Goldenberg, S. (2016).The death of US coal: industry on a steep decline as cheap natural gas rises. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/apr/08/us-coal-industry-decline-natural-gas [Accessed Sep. 2016]. Hennessy, D. (2008). Industry equilibrium under price distribution and cost shifts.Journal of Economics and Business, 50(6), pp.509-523. Kalkuhl, M. (2015). How Strong Do Global Commodity Prices Influence Domestic Food Prices in Developing Countries? A Global Price Transmission and Vulnerability Mapping Analysis.SSRN Electronic Journal. Liu, M., Margaritis, D. and Zhang, Y. (2013). Market-driven coal prices and state-administered electricity prices in China.Energy Economics, 40, pp.167-175. Murray, F. and Granzow, S. (2008). Coal, the Environment, and the Rule of Reason.The Washington Quarterly, 1(2), pp.86-91. Odell, P. (2014).Why carbon fuels will dominate the 21st century's global energy economy. Brentwood, England: Multi-Science Pub. Co. Schernikau, L. (2010).Economics of the international coal trade. Dordrecht: Springer. Ã…Å ¾eker, M. (2012). Importing, Exporting, and Innovation in Developing Countries.Review of International Economics, 20(2), pp.299-314. Thurber, M. and Morse, R. (2015).The global coal market. Wickham, P. and Reinhart, C. (2014). Commodity Prices: Cyclical Weakness or Secular Decline?.IMF Working Papers, 94(7), p.i. Yang, J. (2016).China Oil, Coal Output Decline Signals More Imports to Come - Bloomberg. [online] Bloomberg.com. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-07-15/china-s-oil-coal-output-slides-in-sign-of-more-imports-to-come [Accessed Sep. 2016].

WiMax Networks and WPAN Technologies

Question: Discuss about theWiMax Networks and WPAN Technologies. Answer: Introduction Data Encryption Standards for WiMax Networks There are a number of data encryption standards that are available and are applied in case of the WiMax Networks. The first standard that was developed is the Data Encryption Standard that is popularly known as DES. It was based on the Lucifer algorithm and since it was the first of its kinds there were a number of mechanisms that were developed to break in to the security that was provided with this standard. The second data encryption standard is 3DES which stands for triple DES. The encryption techniques that are present in this standard are similar to that of DES. However, it offers advances security due to the application of this standard thrice over the network so that it becomes difficult for the attackers and the intruders to break in to the security. The third standard is the Advances Encryption Standard which is abbreviated as AES and is advancement over DES. It offers improved encryption and data security so that the privacy and the security of the network and the information that is exchanged over the same are maintained all throughout. The only attack that has ever been made possible in this standard is the Brute Force attack. The combinations in this attack are huge in number of it becomes next to impossible for the attackers to succeed in this attack as well (Doe, 2016). Compare and Contrast Factor DES 3DES AES Developed The standard was developed and introduced in the year 1977 The standard was developed and introduced in the year 1978 The standard was developed and introduced in the year 2000 Key Length The key length in case of this standard is fixed at 56 bits There are three keys that are involved with this standard as K1, K2 and K3 of 168 bits. The length of K1 and K2 is the same as 112 bits (Aleisa, 2016) The key length in this standard can have three varying options as 128 or 192 or 256 bits Cipher Type Symmetric block cipher is used in this standard for data encryption Symmetric block cipher is used in this standard for data encryption Symmetric block cipher is used in this standard for data encryption Block Size The block size in this standard is fixed at 64 bits The block size in this standard is fixed at 64 bits The block size in this standard can have three varying options as 128 or 192 or 256 bits Level of Security Inadequate due to a number of security loopholes More secure as compared to DES and moderate security capability Very secure Cryptanalysis Resistance It is vulnerable to differential as well as the linear cryptanalysis It is vulnerable to differential cryptanalysis It is safe and secure against the differential as well as the linear cryptanalysis Possible Keys There can be a maximum of 256 keys in case of this standard There can be a maximum of 2112 or 2168 keys in case of this standard depending upon the key length that is selected There can be a maximum of 2128, 2192 or 2256 keys in case of this standard depending upon the key length that is selected Time required to check all the possible keys All the possible keys of 56 bit length can be checked in around 400 days if the speed is maintained at 50 billion keys per second All the possible keys of 112 bit length can be checked in around 800 days if the speed is maintained at 50 billion keys per second All the possible keys of 128 bit length can be checked in around 5x1021 years if the speed is maintained at 50 billion keys per second (Alanazi, 2010) Security Challenges in WPAN Technologies The two most popular and widely used WPAN technologies are Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. There are a number of security challenges that are present in these technologies and the two main challenges that are common to both of these technologies are as listed below (Wmich, 2016). The most common attack that is seen in case of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi is the Denial of Service (DoS) attack. It is an attack that hampers the availability of the information. It works by flooding the WPAN with a lot of unnecessary traffic that ultimately leads to the unavailability of the service. Bluetooth connections share the bandwidth with a number of other connections such as cordless phones and many others and thus are exposed to interference. The attackers make use of the same and cause the signal jamming. Bluesmack, Bluejacking and Bluestab are some of the popular DoS attacks in case of Bluetooth (Al-kfairy Ryke, 2016). Impersonation attacks are the second category of the attacks that are common in the two WPAN technologies. There are several occurrences in which the attackers impersonate as an authenticated entity and gain the trust of the user at the opposite end. It results in the acquiring of important and valuable information through unauthorized manner. These attacks impact the confidentiality and integrity of the information as the attackers succeed in gaining the hold of the information and then get the ability to misuse the same. Once the connections are authenticated due to the impersonation attacks, the attackers can also play with the user privileges or may add other unsafe connection in to the network. There can also be instances of the requests placed by the affected device to the other users in the network without the knowledge of the device owner. These impersonation attacks are more common in case of Wi-Fi connections as compared to the Bluetooth connections. However, the compromise on the security is the same in both the cases (Rajamohan, 2016). References Alanazi, H. (2010). New Comparative Study Between DES, 3DES and AES within Nine Factors. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1003/1003.4085.pdf Aleisa, N. (2016). A Comparison of the 3DES and AES Encryption Standards. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://www.sersc.org/journals/IJSIA/vol9_no7_2015/21.pdf Al-kfairy, M. Ryke, S. (2016). Bluetooth Security. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://www.ida.liu.se/~TDDD17/oldprojects/2008/projects/10.pdf Doe, P. (2016). Comparison between DES, 3DES, AES and Blowfish (Data Encryption Algorithms). Bright Hub. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://www.brighthub.com/computing/smb-security/articles/75099.aspx Rajamohan, P. (2016). Analysis and Issues of Wireless Protocols Standard Suits in WPAN. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://www.ijcnwc.org/papers/vol4no42014/2vol4no4.pdf Wmich,. (2016). Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs). Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://cs.wmich.edu/~alfuqaha/Fall09/cs6030/lectures/WPAN.pdf

Argumentative Histoooryl Essay Sample

Argumentative Histoooryl Essay SampleArgumentative Histoooryl essay sample is a valuable resource for all students. This means, it can help you excel in your studies. This approach will allow you to learn the methods of argumentation while maintaining the flow of a persuasive writing style. It is designed in a way that will teach you how to combine and connect sentences and paragraphs for maximum effect.When you read this and try it out, you will find that you are able to write your very own essay, which is very motivating. You will also find that this mode of writing is suitable for people of all ages and backgrounds. This can help students in their studies. It is a great tool that can help you impress your readers with your writing skills.The first step to write a persuasive essay is to prepare a thesis statement. You need to establish the main point you want to express and the arguments that support your thesis. You should be able to determine which kind of argument will suit you the best. As there are many kinds of persuasive writing styles, the student has to choose the best style to use.So before you start working on a persuasive essay, you should learn the various techniques and strategies you need to follow. While many of us are familiar with the persuasive styles, you might be a little confused on what these are and how to use them. One of the most effective approaches is the 'Point of View' approach. In this method, you place one's main point first. You then move on to make your argument to support it.One great question that you might be asking is what are the right places to use this writing style? There are many instances where you have to use this approach. An example is when you are presenting factson television or in an essay. You might want to mention the main points and demonstrate them, and then present supporting facts, so that the reader feels that you are giving all the facts in order to convince the reader.Another thing you might consider when learning how to write a persuasive essay is the 'In your face' style. In this, you can make a statement as if you are putting emphasis on it. This style is perfect when you are attempting to show something with the power of your words and not necessarily write a whole essay. This style can help you in making persuasive statements to convince the reader to accept what you say.Finally, the third style of persuasive essay is the 'Direct to the Point' style. Here, you can present an idea very fast and without embellishing on it. This style is most suitable when you have a specific point to make and can present this point as fast as possible.So when you are starting a persuasive essay, you can find help by reading this. You can also try this style of writing. It can help you become a better writer, and also help you get an edge over other writers in your field. You might find out that you have a new style to use and can easily adapt it to your style of writing.

Religion And Motivation In Learning Essays - Educational Psychology

Religion and Motivation in Learning Religion Journal Assignment Respect is a very important aspect of class discipline. Respect towards peers, property, and the teacher all lead to the student in being the best student they can be. If the student does not respect anything in the classroom, the learning process is hampered by the student themselves; they are the ones without respect, therefore they do not want to learn and are totally responsible for the grade they are given. Respect is fundamental in the process of learning. Effort is second most important in the learning process. If the student does not want to learn, what will they learn? Will they learn everything, or nothing? If the student does not give full effort and listen everytime a lesson is presented, he will not learn anything, therefore failing the course. This depends on the degree of effort, if the effort is high, and the student is somewhat oriented towards attaining a good grade, a high grade of effort will be presented. Effort is the best way in determining a student's will to learn. The course of religion consists of 6 units, some of them concerning what we believe in, why we believe in it, and what can be observed in the future. The religion course encourages us to explore our heritage and our beliefs, something we may never had fully understood. The course helps us to fully understand why we go to a catholic school, for one thing. The course gives an overview of the history of the religion, and what has happened through centuries. It shows us what we believe in, how DO WE understand creation, and then gives us an understanding of creation. This is the first unit. The following units gives us an explanation of de-creation, re- creation, the covenant, nationhood, and division. All of these will contribute to our fully understanding our religion. The course goes over 6 units and over 30 sub-units. The methods shown in the table of contents describes a medium rich in examples and simple understanding. Describing information in a method that is both easily communicated and transmitted relaxes the need for both effort and hard study. If the information is easily presented, the maximum amount of learning can be attained through the least amount of study, thereby making learning purely efficient and easy. The methods shown are both simple and effective, thereby making learning more efficient.

Civics Questions Essays - Constitutional Law, Rights, James Madison

Civics Questions Essays - Constitutional Law, Rights, James Madison Civics Questions 1. How is government authority in the United States limited? Give one example. The government can not interfere with those rights granted to the people through the Constitution or the Bill of Rights. The Supreme Court is there to protect our individual rights and freedoms. 2.What is the difference between absolute rights and relative rights? No person has an absolute freedom of speach; they are not free to say whatever they like. We do have a relative freedom of speech though, we may say whatever we like as long as it does not interfere with the rights of others. 3. Do all of the rights guarented by the Constitution apply to all people in the United States? Explain. Most rights in the constitution are for all people in the United States, aliens as well as citizens. But not for all rights. For instance, the right to travel freely does not always apply to aliens, especially during times of war. 4. What is the Bill of Rights? When and why was it added to the Constitution? The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the constitution, gauranteeing many rights to the people of the United States. It was added to the constitution in 1791 to meet one of the major objections in the ratification of the Constitution. 5.What effect has the 14th Amendment's Due Process Clause had on the Bill of Rights? The Bill of Rights on it's own applies only to the national government, not the states. The 14th amendment "nationalized" the Bill of Rights applying most of it's restrictions to the states also. 6. Why are the rights set out in the 1st amendment called "fundamental freedoms"? These rights, the right to have freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition, are fundamental freedoms because the are the basis of American government. Our system would not work without these basic freedoms. 7. What is the excessive entanglement standard? Why is it important? A state's school aid law must meet theses requirements: (1) the purpose of the aid must be clearly secular, not religous, (2) its primary effect must neither advance nor inhibit religion, and (3) it must avoid an excessive entanglement of government with religion. It is important to prevent three main "evils"; sponsorship, financial support, and active involvement of the sovereign in religous activities. 8. The Free Exercise Clause protects an absolute right to what? A relative right to what? It provides an absolute right to believe whatever a person wants to believe in the matters of religion. But it only applies a relative right to act as in matters of religion. 9. What are the two fundamental purposes of the 1st and 14th Amendments' protections of free speech, free press, petition, and assembly? (1) To gaurantee to each person a right of free expression - in the spoken and the written word, and by all other means of comunication as well; and (2) To ensure to all persons a full, wide-ranging discussion of public affairs. 10. List two examples of types of speech or expression that are not protected by the Constitution. Explain why these actions are not protected. Slander-Because it infringes on the rights of others. Obscenity- is also not allowed because it infringes on other's rights. 11. What is prior restraint? Is it constitutional? Prior restraint is to curb ideas before they are expressed, and no it is not constitutional. 12. What kinds of assembly are not protected by the Constitution? Why? Those in which the participants trespass on private property, and those that inhibit the running of public service places like schools and court houses. 13. Why has the Supreme Court often upheld state and local laws that require advance notice and permits for demonstrations in public places? Because the authority of a municipality to maintain safety supercedes the right for demonstrations. 14. What is the Smith Act? The Mccarran Act? What has been the effect of Supreme Court decisions involving these laws? Smith act-it is unlawful to teach or advocate the violent overthrow of the United States government. McCarran- All Communist-Action and Comunist-Front's must register with the Attorney General. They have both been sharply limited, leaving them as hollow shells.

World war one and US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

World war one and US - Essay Example The main purpose of the war was struggling for division of the world. However, the United States wasn’t in hurry to enter the war. First of all, a conflict between the US and other countries hadn’t reached the extreme point that could lead to military actions; secondly, the majority of Americans didn’t think that interfering into European affairs (and vice versa) was a good idea. The third reason was that US army wasn’t ready for large-scale war, because it was formed on a voluntary basis and had approximately 100  000 badly trained soldiers. But in the 7th of May 1915 German submarine sank the British largest passenger liner â€Å"Luisitania†, including 128 Americans that were on board. A report about this event caused a storm of dissatisfaction in the United States. Despite multiple warnings, German repeatedly attacked American ships. President Woodrow Wilson was an advocate of nonintervention of USA into European war, but the actions of the Ger mans forced him to announce the transition to the US policy of armed neutrality (26th of February 1917), which meant a gap of diplomatic relations between the US and Germany. The further German aggression forced Wilson to enter the war (6 of April 1917) on Allies’ side, against Germany (Kennedy 46). For the first time in US history a law on conscription was passed. Losses suffered by Americans were relatively not that big (approximately 104,000 lives). For comparison, 26 million people were killed during the entire war, half of them were civilians. The war abruptly changed the balance of forces in world political arena. It provoked huge amount of revolutions: Bolsheviks came to power in Russia and formed their own government, Germany and Austria-Hungary collapsed and lost their influence. The military destruction and revolutions weakened Europe, while US entry into the war caused new rise of

Business strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 4

Business strategy - Essay Example In order to formulate and evaluate new prospective business strategies of the company, one needs to analyze the internal and external audit results of the organization (McEachern, 2012). Cath Kidston has a high brand value in the global market. The company has a long learning curve in business and owns a considerable share of industry demand. The products offered by the company are rare, unique and non imitable in nature. The aggregate revenue and economic surplus of the organization is steadily increasing over time. In 2013, the gross sale of the organization was worth  £100 million (Cathkidston, 2014). The organization is experiencing increasing profit and revenue in both domestic and foreign markets. After growth of internet penetration rate in all the countries around the world, Cath Kidston Ltd has successfully enhanced the volume of its e-commerce sales (Cathkidston, 2014). The online retailing stores of the company are able to offer cost effective services to a larger strength of prospective buyers. Cath Kidston owns a strong supply chain management system. However, the products offered by the company are primarily targeted towards the young and middle aged women. Cath Kidston’s products are popular for its unique floral designs. The case study claims that the company manufactures women accessories such as hand bags and home ware products (Cathkidston, 2014). The company faces certain delivery and product quality related problems in its online trade. The foreign business of Cath Kidston is more prosperous than its native business status. The company has relinquished majority of its stake to a private equity firm, TA Associates. Cath Kidston is the owner of only 23% stake of the Kidston Limited (Cathkidston, 2014). The company sold majority stakes because of financial crisis in the business. The company will not be

What is the Impact of Carbon Dioxide Emissions?

What is the Impact of Carbon Dioxide Emissions? Alvena Nance Abstract Are we paying attention to the effects of carbon dioxide emissions and doing everything we can eliminate the negative effect it has on our overall air quality, our agriculture, and the environment? In the world the United States stands second to China among the ranks of other countries that utilizes carbon dioxide as the primary source of emissions. Energy Choices We count on the common forms of energy that are known as fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas, that when combined we breathe them. It is vital that this out pouring of energy or emission into our environment is processed and monitored with the greatest accuracy so it does not negatively affect us, our country, our climate, and our agriculture. In 2016 China with 28.21 percent and the United States with 15.99 percent were the largest producers of carbon dioxide emission worldwide. World carbon dioxide emissions are one way of measuring a countrys economic growth too. The latest figures published by the respected Energy Information Administration show CO2 emissions consumption the vast majority of carbon dioxide produced. On pure emissions alone, the key points are: China emits more than CO2 than the United States and Canada put together up by 171% since 2000 The United States has had declining CO2 for two years running, the last time the United States had declining CO2 for 3 years running was in the 1980s The United States is expected to decrease their carbon dioxide emissions by 46 percent by 2040. Looking at the two leading countries agriculture growth China is the leader in gross value of agriculture outpour is rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed, pork and fish. The United States ranks high in wheat, corn, other grains, fruit, vegetable, cotton, beef, pork, poultry, poultry, dairy products, fish and forest products. The comparison between China and Americas materials and energy production and consumption in the early 2000s with those of today. China now produces, and consumes approximately 60% of the worlds cement and second to that on the planet is India. As far as cement goes, China produces thirty times more cement each year then America. Chinas cement industry is the significant contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions.ÂÂ   Interestingly that in a single decade China went from producing 20% of the worlds steel to producing half of it. The comparison with America is equally striking. Given that almost 7% of global carbon dioxide emissions come from iron and steel making, this has both obvious and important consequences. (Wilson,2017) The production of aluminum was ten time more for China than America. China produced 60 % more than America, however Americas production declined by 25%, while Chinas increased by nearly 400%. Electricity generation is important and China has total electricity capacity increased from 344 to 1,100 gigawatts between 2001 and 2011. While Chinas primary energy consumption increased by 150% in a single decade, Americas decreased by 4%. (Wilson,2017) Coal is used a lot by China, today it consumes half of the worlds coal about four billion tons. America however is now using much less, with a decline of 20% between 2002 and 2012. (Wilson,2017) Looking at carbon dioxide emissions Americas is 50% higher than those in China, and a decade later China produced almost twice that of America and now produces more than America and the European Union put together and likely a decade from now China will emit at least three times more carbon dioxide than America. (Wilson, 2017) According to this source (Wilson, 2017) forecasting is futile however an illustrative statistical comparison to put possible energy futures of both America and China in context. Climate change is a shared challenge. The EPA collaborates with Chinas Ministry of Science and Technology on research to better assess emissions and their impacts, improve mitigation practice and technologies, and enhance sustainability. Areas of shared research include emissions that impact air and climate, water sustainability, computational toxicology, soil remediation, and toxic air pollutants. Also participating in government -wide EPA initiatives with China, is the United States. (EPA and OITA, 2017) Culture and the expectations within cultures affect all business transactions and it is important that all involved understand one another. (Pitts et al).ÂÂ   The US standard of ethics may have the potential for conflict, therefore an understanding of knowledge, of culture ethics, set expectations, and guidelines will play a role in these countrys success in working together. In conclusion it is clear that understandings of the energies and how they are studied, processed and utilized are important because they affect every human being and space around the globe and should be treated as a safety issue to mankind and the environment in which we live.

He’s A Live Wire, Metaphor and Poetry Essay

The use of metaphor in poetry is one of the most important aspects of poetic style that must be mastered. Metaphor can be described as figure of speech in which a thing is referred to as being something that it resembles. From the perspectives of construction, poetic and cognitive function and working mechanism, where metaphor is constructed from human perceptual experience and is extended through imaginative processes. An important feature of cognitive stylistics has been its interest in the way we transfer mental constructs, and especially in the way we chart one mental representation onto another when we read texts. Cognitive linguists have consistently drawn attention to this system of conceptual transfer in both literary and in everyday discourse, and have identified important figures of speech, through which this conceptual transfer is carried out. Conceptual Metaphor, also called Cognitive Metaphor, was developed by researchers within the field of cognitive linguists. It became widely known with the publication of Metaphors We Live By, by Lakoff and Johnson, in 1980. Conceptual metaphor theory has since been developed and elaborated. Definition and Construction of Metaphor as we know, metaphor is a type of figurative language in which one thing is described in terms of some other thing. The word metaphor comes from Greek ‘metapherein’ which means carry over. Another translation is transference, a term more familiar to us from psychoanalytic theory (dictionary. com). In a metaphor, one of the basic senses of a form, the source domain, is used to grasp or explain a sense in a different domain, called target domain. The idea that we take attitudes from one area of experience and use them to approach and understand another is fundamental to human interactions with the world. In cognitive linguistics, conceptual metaphor, or cognitive metaphor, refers to the understanding of one idea, or conceptual domain, in terms of another, for example, understanding quantity in terms of directionality. â€Å"She eats like a bird†. A conceptual domain can be any coherent organization of human experience. The regularity with which different languages employ the same metaphors, which often appear to be perceptually based, has led to the hypothesis that the mapping between conceptual domains corresponds to neural mappings in the brain. Some theorists have suggested that metaphors are not merely stylistic, but that they are cognitively important as well. In â€Å"Metaphors We Live by† by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson argue that metaphors are pervasive in everyday life, not just in language, but also in thought and action. A common definition of a metaphor can be described as a comparison that shows how two things that are not alike in most ways are similar in another important way. They explain how a metaphor is simply for understanding and experiencing one kind of thing in terms of another. The authors call this concept a ‘conduit metaphor. ’ By this, they meant that a speaker can put ideas or objects into words or containers, and then send them along a channel, or conduit, to a listener who takes that idea or object out of the container and makes meaning of it. In other words, communication is something that ideas go into. The container is separate from the ideas themselves. Lakoff and Johnson give several examples of daily metaphors we use, such as â€Å"argument is war† and â€Å"time is money. † Metaphors are widely used in context to describe personal meaning. The authors also suggest that communication can be viewed as a machine: â€Å"Communication is not what one does with the machine, but is the machine itself. † (Johnson, Lakoff, 19) Concerned with its construction, metaphor is made up of three elements: Tenor- the subject under discussion, Vehicle –what the subject is compared to, Ground- what the poet believes the tenor and vehicle have in common. For instance, the metaphor â€Å" he’s a live wire†, â€Å"he† is the tenor, â€Å" live wire† is the vehicle and â€Å"is full of energy / is very lively/is potentially dangerous† is the ground. So far, many linguists have been attempting to elucidate the ways in which language reflects the manner in which human beings perceive, categorize and conceptualize the world. The result is like this: the more accurate, objective and literal the description is, the more elusive it may be. According to the linguist George Lakoff (Johnson, Lakoff,38), we use our basic bodily understanding of places, movements, forces, paths, objects and containers as sources of information about life, love, mathematics and all other abstract concepts. Cognitive linguists suggest that we use metaphor intuitively and unconsciously to understand the mind, emotions and all other abstract concepts. Such metaphors enable us, as embodied beings, to make sense of a concept such as mind, which we cannot see with our eyes or grasp with our hands. It allows us to take a view on the debate and to get to grips with the subject. Cognitive linguists suggest that, without such conventional metaphors, there would be no abstract thought. It also suggests that metaphors may privilege some understandings exclude others. Through field research, Lakoff has collected large numbers of metaphorical expressions. It is believed that these are derived from a smaller number of conceptual metaphors. Both creative, novel metaphors and dead, conventional metaphors are derived from conceptual metaphors. For Lakoff, the locus of metaphor is not in language at all, but in the way we conceptualize one mental domain in terms of another. For example: 1) Love is a journey. (This marriage is bad. ) The idiomatic expressions above, exemplifying two conceptual metaphors, are commonplace, non poetic and do not, perhaps, strike us as particularly metaphorical. We can say this marriage is in a rut and this statement is taken at literal value. If someone were to say, â€Å"Even a Massey Ferguson wouldn‘t have salvaged my marriage†, we hear the statement as something new. Metaphorically, an impediment to the continuation of a marriage is an impediment to a journey continuing, such as a rut. On a real journey, we might ask the local farmer to haul our car out of a rut with a tractor. To create a novel metaphor, essential for poetry and humor, the speaker has taken an aspect of the source of the conceptual metaphor that is not usually associated with the target. In doing so, the speaker has made the metaphor explicit and brought it back to life. In other words, metaphor is describing one thing in terms of some other. Its tenor and vehicle have similarities as well as difference. The most significant difference is that the two belong to different domains: tenor belongs to the source domain while vehicle belongs to the target domain. 2) The encyclopedia is a Gold mine. Here the encyclopedia and Gold mine are totally different, but they have similarity in a certain aspect. To say the encyclopedia is a gold mine is because both of them deserve hard digging thus forming a metaphor. Such kind of similarity should be limited to certain aspects otherwise; it cannot form a metaphor, 3) The encyclopedia is a dictionary. In this sentence, the encyclopedia and dictionary belong to the same category. Actually, the former is a subcategory of dictionary; therefore, it is not a metaphor. Theoretically speaking, the possibility of forming a metaphor depends on the difference between the two things. The more different they are, the more possible a metaphor they can be form. However, the extent of difference should also be restricted by its similarity. The more different they are, the more difficult it will be for people to understand the metaphor. Because of this, a ground is needed to offer necessary explanations. Generally speaking, vehicles’ characteristics are more specific and familiar to people, for example: 4) Architecture is solid music. As we know, music cannot be seen or touched but people still can understand it. By employing an abstract and invisible thing to define a concrete and specific object, this sentence gives the readers a sense of distance as well as a poetic conception. Therefore, a metaphor is a process of mapping between two different conceptual domains. The different domains are known as the target domain and the source domain. The target domain is the topic or concept that you want to describe through the metaphor while the source domain refers to the concept that you draw upon in order to create the metaphorical construction. In his influential study of the poetic structure of the human mind, Gibbs highlights the important part metaphor plays in our everyday conceptual thought. Metaphors are not some kind of distorted literal thought, but rather are basic schemes by which people conceptualize their experience and their external world. Figurative language generally, which also includes irony, is found throughout speech and writing; moreover, it does not require for its use any special intellectual talent or any special rhetorical situation (Gibbs, 21). Indeed, the fact that many metaphors pass us by in everyday social interaction is well illustrated by this unwitting slip by a venerable British sports commentator: We didn’t have metaphors in my day. We didn’t beat about the bush. Metaphor is simply a natural part of conceptual thought and although undoubtedly an important feature of creativity, it should not be seen as a special or exclusive feature of literary discourse. In other words, metaphors are a cognitive process being seen in language in our everyday lives; metaphors shape not just our communication, but also shape the way we think and act. Conceptual metaphors are used very often to understand theories and models. A conceptual metaphor uses one idea and links it to another to better understand something. For example, the conceptual metaphor of viewing communication as a conduit is one large theory explained with a metaphor. So not only is our everyday communication shaped by the language of conceptual metaphors, but so is the very way we understand scholarly theories. These metaphors are prevalent in communication and we do not just use them in language; we actually perceive and act in accordance with the metaphors. A metaphor is simply for understanding and experiencing one kind of thing in terms of another, and the speaker could put ideas or objects into words or containers, and then send them along a channel, or conduit, to a listener who takes that idea or object out of the container and makes meaning of it. In other words, communication is something that ideas go into. The container is separate from the ideas themselves. Therefore, metaphors are matter of thought and not merely of language: hence, the term conceptual metaphor. The metaphor may seem to consist of words or other linguistic expressions that come from the terminology of the more concrete conceptual domain, but conceptual metaphors underlie a system of related metaphorical expressions that appear on the linguistic surface. Similarly, the mappings of a conceptual metaphor are themselves motivated by image schemas which pre-linguistic schemas are concerning space, time, moving, controlling, and other core elements of embodied human experience. Conceptual metaphors typically employ a more abstract concept as target and a more concrete or physical concept as their source. For instance, metaphors such as ‘the days [the more abstract or target concept] ahead’ or ‘giving my time’ rely on more concrete concepts, thus expressing time as a path into physical space, or as a substance that can be handled and offered as a gift. Different conceptual metaphors tend to be invoked when the speaker is trying to make a case for a certain point of view or course of action. For instance, one might associate â€Å"the days ahead† with leadership, whereas the phrase â€Å"giving my time† carries stronger connotations of bargaining. Selection of such metaphors tends to be directed by a subconscious or implicit habit in the mind of the person employing them.